# Code for handling the kinematics of rotary delta robots # # Copyright (C) 2019-2021 Kevin O'Connor # # This file may be distributed under the terms of the GNU GPLv3 license. import logging import math import chelper import mathutil import stepper class RotaryDeltaKinematics: def __init__(self, toolhead, config): # Setup tower rails stepper_configs = [config.getsection("stepper_" + a) for a in "abc"] rail_a = stepper.LookupRail( stepper_configs[0], need_position_minmax=False, units_in_radians=True ) a_endstop = rail_a.get_homing_info().position_endstop rail_b = stepper.LookupRail( stepper_configs[1], need_position_minmax=False, default_position_endstop=a_endstop, units_in_radians=True, ) rail_c = stepper.LookupRail( stepper_configs[2], need_position_minmax=False, default_position_endstop=a_endstop, units_in_radians=True, ) self.rails = [rail_a, rail_b, rail_c] # Read config max_velocity, max_accel = toolhead.get_max_velocity() self.max_z_velocity = config.getfloat( "max_z_velocity", max_velocity, above=0.0, maxval=max_velocity ) shoulder_radius = config.getfloat("shoulder_radius", above=0.0) shoulder_height = config.getfloat("shoulder_height", above=0.0) a_upper_arm = stepper_configs[0].getfloat("upper_arm_length", above=0.0) upper_arms = [ sconfig.getfloat("upper_arm_length", a_upper_arm, above=0.0) for sconfig in stepper_configs ] a_lower_arm = stepper_configs[0].getfloat("lower_arm_length", above=0.0) lower_arms = [ sconfig.getfloat("lower_arm_length", a_lower_arm, above=0.0) for sconfig in stepper_configs ] angles = [ sconfig.getfloat("angle", angle) for sconfig, angle in zip(stepper_configs, [30.0, 150.0, 270.0]) ] # Setup rotary delta calibration helper endstops = [rail.get_homing_info().position_endstop for rail in self.rails] stepdists = [rail.get_steppers()[0].get_step_dist() for rail in self.rails] self.calibration = RotaryDeltaCalibration( shoulder_radius, shoulder_height, angles, upper_arms, lower_arms, endstops, stepdists, ) # Setup iterative solver for r, a, ua, la in zip(self.rails, angles, upper_arms, lower_arms): r.setup_itersolve( "rotary_delta_stepper_alloc", shoulder_radius, shoulder_height, math.radians(a), ua, la, ) for s in self.get_steppers(): s.set_trapq(toolhead.get_trapq()) toolhead.register_step_generator(s.generate_steps) # Setup boundary checks self.need_home = True self.limit_xy2 = -1.0 eangles = [ r.calc_position_from_coord([0.0, 0.0, ep]) for r, ep in zip(self.rails, endstops) ] self.home_position = tuple(self.calibration.actuator_to_cartesian(eangles)) self.max_z = min(endstops) self.min_z = config.getfloat("minimum_z_position", 0, maxval=self.max_z) min_ua = min([shoulder_radius + ua for ua in upper_arms]) min_la = min([la - shoulder_radius for la in lower_arms]) self.max_xy2 = min(min_ua, min_la) ** 2 arm_z = [self.calibration.elbow_coord(i, ea)[2] for i, ea in enumerate(eangles)] self.limit_z = min([az - la for az, la in zip(arm_z, lower_arms)]) logging.info( "Delta max build height %.2fmm (radius tapered above %.2fmm)" % (self.max_z, self.limit_z) ) max_xy = math.sqrt(self.max_xy2) self.axes_min = toolhead.Coord(-max_xy, -max_xy, self.min_z, 0.0) self.axes_max = toolhead.Coord(max_xy, max_xy, self.max_z, 0.0) self.set_position([0.0, 0.0, 0.0], "") def get_steppers(self): return [s for rail in self.rails for s in rail.get_steppers()] def calc_position(self, stepper_positions): spos = [stepper_positions[rail.get_name()] for rail in self.rails] return self.calibration.actuator_to_cartesian(spos) def set_position(self, newpos, homing_axes): for rail in self.rails: rail.set_position(newpos) self.limit_xy2 = -1.0 if homing_axes == "xyz": self.need_home = False def clear_homing_state(self, clear_axes): # Clearing homing state for each axis individually is not implemented if clear_axes: self.limit_xy2 = -1 self.need_home = True def home(self, homing_state): # All axes are homed simultaneously homing_state.set_axes([0, 1, 2]) forcepos = list(self.home_position) # min_angles = [-.5 * math.pi] * 3 # forcepos[2] = self.calibration.actuator_to_cartesian(min_angles)[2] forcepos[2] = -1.0 homing_state.home_rails(self.rails, forcepos, self.home_position) def check_move(self, move): end_pos = move.end_pos end_xy2 = end_pos[0] ** 2 + end_pos[1] ** 2 if end_xy2 <= self.limit_xy2 and not move.axes_d[2]: # Normal XY move return if self.need_home: raise move.move_error("Must home first") end_z = end_pos[2] limit_xy2 = self.max_xy2 if end_z > self.limit_z: limit_xy2 = min(limit_xy2, (self.max_z - end_z) ** 2) if end_xy2 > limit_xy2 or end_z > self.max_z or end_z < self.min_z: # Move out of range - verify not a homing move if ( end_pos[:2] != self.home_position[:2] or end_z < self.min_z or end_z > self.home_position[2] ): raise move.move_error() limit_xy2 = -1.0 if move.axes_d[2]: move.limit_speed(self.max_z_velocity, move.accel) limit_xy2 = -1.0 self.limit_xy2 = limit_xy2 def get_status(self, eventtime): return { "homed_axes": "" if self.need_home else "xyz", "axis_minimum": self.axes_min, "axis_maximum": self.axes_max, } def get_calibration(self): return self.calibration # Rotary delta parameter calibration for DELTA_CALIBRATE tool class RotaryDeltaCalibration: def __init__( self, shoulder_radius, shoulder_height, angles, upper_arms, lower_arms, endstops, stepdists, ): self.shoulder_radius = shoulder_radius self.shoulder_height = shoulder_height self.angles = angles self.upper_arms = upper_arms self.lower_arms = lower_arms self.endstops = endstops self.stepdists = stepdists # Calculate the absolute angle of each endstop ffi_main, self.ffi_lib = chelper.get_ffi() self.sks = [ ffi_main.gc( self.ffi_lib.rotary_delta_stepper_alloc( shoulder_radius, shoulder_height, math.radians(a), ua, la ), self.ffi_lib.free, ) for a, ua, la in zip(angles, upper_arms, lower_arms) ] self.abs_endstops = [ self.ffi_lib.itersolve_calc_position_from_coord(sk, 0.0, 0.0, es) for sk, es in zip(self.sks, endstops) ] def coordinate_descent_params(self, is_extended): # Determine adjustment parameters (for use with coordinate_descent) adj_params = ("shoulder_height", "endstop_a", "endstop_b", "endstop_c") if is_extended: adj_params += ("shoulder_radius", "angle_a", "angle_b") params = { "shoulder_radius": self.shoulder_radius, "shoulder_height": self.shoulder_height, } for i, axis in enumerate("abc"): params["angle_" + axis] = self.angles[i] params["upper_arm_" + axis] = self.upper_arms[i] params["lower_arm_" + axis] = self.lower_arms[i] params["endstop_" + axis] = self.endstops[i] params["stepdist_" + axis] = self.stepdists[i] return adj_params, params def new_calibration(self, params): # Create a new calibration object from coordinate_descent params shoulder_radius = params["shoulder_radius"] shoulder_height = params["shoulder_height"] angles = [params["angle_" + a] for a in "abc"] upper_arms = [params["upper_arm_" + a] for a in "abc"] lower_arms = [params["lower_arm_" + a] for a in "abc"] endstops = [params["endstop_" + a] for a in "abc"] stepdists = [params["stepdist_" + a] for a in "abc"] return RotaryDeltaCalibration( shoulder_radius, shoulder_height, angles, upper_arms, lower_arms, endstops, stepdists, ) def elbow_coord(self, elbow_id, spos): # Calculate elbow position in coordinate system at shoulder joint sj_elbow_x = self.upper_arms[elbow_id] * math.cos(spos) sj_elbow_y = self.upper_arms[elbow_id] * math.sin(spos) # Shift and rotate to main cartesian coordinate system angle = math.radians(self.angles[elbow_id]) x = (sj_elbow_x + self.shoulder_radius) * math.cos(angle) y = (sj_elbow_x + self.shoulder_radius) * math.sin(angle) z = sj_elbow_y + self.shoulder_height return (x, y, z) def actuator_to_cartesian(self, spos): sphere_coords = [self.elbow_coord(i, sp) for i, sp in enumerate(spos)] lower_arm2 = [la**2 for la in self.lower_arms] return mathutil.trilateration(sphere_coords, lower_arm2) def get_position_from_stable(self, stable_position): # Return cartesian coordinates for the given stable_position spos = [ ea - sp * sd for ea, sp, sd in zip(self.abs_endstops, stable_position, self.stepdists) ] return self.actuator_to_cartesian(spos) def calc_stable_position(self, coord): # Return a stable_position from a cartesian coordinate pos = [ self.ffi_lib.itersolve_calc_position_from_coord( sk, coord[0], coord[1], coord[2] ) for sk in self.sks ] return [ (ep - sp) / sd for sd, ep, sp in zip(self.stepdists, self.abs_endstops, pos) ] def save_state(self, configfile): # Save the current parameters (for use with SAVE_CONFIG) configfile.set("printer", "shoulder_radius", "%.6f" % (self.shoulder_radius,)) configfile.set("printer", "shoulder_height", "%.6f" % (self.shoulder_height,)) for i, axis in enumerate("abc"): configfile.set("stepper_" + axis, "angle", "%.6f" % (self.angles[i],)) configfile.set( "stepper_" + axis, "position_endstop", "%.6f" % (self.endstops[i],) ) gcode = configfile.get_printer().lookup_object("gcode") gcode.respond_info( "stepper_a: position_endstop: %.6f angle: %.6f\n" "stepper_b: position_endstop: %.6f angle: %.6f\n" "stepper_c: position_endstop: %.6f angle: %.6f\n" "shoulder_radius: %.6f shoulder_height: %.6f" % ( self.endstops[0], self.angles[0], self.endstops[1], self.angles[1], self.endstops[2], self.angles[2], self.shoulder_radius, self.shoulder_height, ) ) def load_kinematics(toolhead, config): return RotaryDeltaKinematics(toolhead, config)